A random variable which can take qualitative values rather than numeric values. For example, the question "What colour are your eyes?" will generate qualitative answers.
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That depends on the rules that define the random variable.
It depends on what the random variable is, what its domain is, what its probability distribution function is. The probability that a randomly selected random variable has a value between 40 and 60 is probably quite close to zero.
A variable that is not numerical but descriptive or categoric. Answers to what colour is your car, what is your favourite fruit/ band/ movie, your gender: male/female,
No. The probability that a continuous random variable takes a specific value is always zero.
Yes.