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Euclid (c. 300 BC) was one of the first to prove that there are infinitely many prime numbers.

His proof was essentially to assume that there were a finite number of prime numbers, and arrive at a contradiction. Thus, there must be infinitely many prime numbers.

Specifically, he supposed that if there were a finite number of prime numbers, then if one were to multiply all those prime numbers together and add 1, it would result in a number that was not divisible by any of the (finite number of) prime numbers, thus would itself be a Prime number larger than the largest prime number in the assumed list - a contradiction.

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Q: What is the connection between Euclid and prime numbers?
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