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This is an Arithmetic Progression or Sequence with an Initial Term (a) of 10 and a Common Difference (d) of -3

The standard formula is U(n) = a + (n - 1)d

Substituting the values for a and d gives :-

U(n) = 10 + [(n - 1) x (-3)] = 10 - 3n + 3

We can write this as, 13 - 3n but it is common practice to retain the initial term (10)............so, U(n) = 10 - 3(n - 1)

Then U(5) = 10 - 3(5 - 1) = 10 - 12 = -2 which confirms the value shown in the question.

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