The standard deviation (SD) is a measure of spread so small sd = small spread. So the above is true for any distribution, not just the Normal.
A researcher wants to go from a normal distribution to a standard normal distribution because the latter allows him/her to make the correspondence between the area and the probability. Though events in the real world rarely follow a standard normal distribution, z-scores are convenient calculations of area that can be used with any/all normal distributions. Meaning: once a researcher has translated raw data into a standard normal distribution (z-score), he/she can then find its associated probability.
In general, you cannot. If the distribution can be assumed to be Gaussian [Normal] then you could use z-scores.
Between z = -1.16 and z = 1.16 is approx 0.7540 (or 75.40 %). Which means ¾ (0.75 or 75%) of the normal distribution lies between approximately -1.16 and 1.16 standard deviations from the mean.
2
The transformation always creates a normal shaped distribution.
z-scores are distributed according to the standard normal distribution. That is, with the parameters: mean 0 and variance 1.
Approx 84%.
99.7% of scores fall within -3 and plus 3 standard deviations around the mean in a normal distribution.
None.z-scores are linear transformations that are used to convert an "ordinary" Normal variable - with mean, m, and standard deviation, s, to a normal variable with mean = 0 and st dev = 1 : the Standard Normal distribution.
It is 68.3%
0.13
A researcher wants to go from a normal distribution to a standard normal distribution because the latter allows him/her to make the correspondence between the area and the probability. Though events in the real world rarely follow a standard normal distribution, z-scores are convenient calculations of area that can be used with any/all normal distributions. Meaning: once a researcher has translated raw data into a standard normal distribution (z-score), he/she can then find its associated probability.
Assuming a normal distribution 68 % of the data samples will be with 1 standard deviation of the mean.
The cumulative probability up to the mean plus 1 standard deviation for a Normal distribution - not any distribution - is 84%. The reference is any table (or on-line version) of z-scores for the standard normal distribution.
They are said to be Normally distributed.
A normal distribution simply enables you to convert your values, which are in some measurement unit, to normal deviates. Normal deviates (i.e. z-scores) allow you to use the table of normal values to compute probabilities under the normal curve.
17.7 and 20.9