You divide top and bottom by the same number, if you find a common factor. For example, if your fraction is 9/12, you check whether top and bottom have any common factor greater than one (in this case, the common factor is 3), and then you divide top and bottom by 3, to get 3/4.
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Divide the numerator and the denominator of a given fraction by a common factor to find a similar fraction.
2/5
If the denominators are not the same, then you have to use equivalent fractions which do have a common denominator . To do this, you need to find the least common multiple (LCM) of the two denominators. To add fractions with unlike denominators, rename the fractions with a common denominator.
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A whole stick is worth 1 whole, use fraction sticks to find equivalent fractions, use the fraction sticks to add fractions with the same denominator
use division by primes to find the gcf