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1- observations are from normally distributed populations.

2- observations are from populations with equal variances.

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Q: Basic assumption in analysis of variance?
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Assumption of one-way analysis of variance?

The results of a one-way ANOVA can be considered reliable as long as the following as The results of a one-way ANOVA can be considered reliable as long as the following assumptions are met: * Response variable must be normally distributed (or approximately normally distributed). * Samples are independent. * Variances of populations are equal. * The sample is a Simple Random Sample (SRS). ANOVA is a relatively robust procedure with respect to violations of the normality assumption (Kirk, 1995) If data are ordinal, a non-parametric alternative to this test should be used - Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance. sumptions are met: * Response variable must be normally distributed (or approximately normally distributed). * Samples are independent. * Variances of populations are equal. * The sample is a Simple Random Sample (SRS). ANOVA is a relatively robust procedure with respect to violations of the normality assumption (Kirk, 1995) If data are ordinal, a non-parametric alternative to this test should be used - Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance