An outlier will pull the mean and median towards itself. The extent to which the mean is affected will depend on the number of observations as well as the magnitude of the outlier. The median will change by a half-step.
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It is the outlier.
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The median.
An outlier does affect the mean of the data. How it's affected depends on how many data points there are, how far from the data the outlier is, whether it is greater than the mean (increases mean) or less than the mean (decreases the mean).
The median is least affected by an extreme outlier. Mean and standard deviation ARE affected by extreme outliers.