The group of individuals used to represent a population is called the sample. It should have the same statistics as the population, though be of a smaller size.
statistics
Bias
INFERENCES Any calculated number from a sample from the population is called a 'statistic', such as the mean or the variance.
genetic variation
In statistics, it is called the 'population'. There are two types of populations: finite and infinite. A finite population can simply be counted such as the number of students in a class. An infinite population, on the other hand, cannot be counted or is very difficult to count such as the residents in a city. Statistics is all about infinite populations because we need to make conclusions about the entire population based on observations of a small sample of that population.
sample.
The portion of the population selected to represent the entire population is called a sample. A sample is used in research and statistics to draw conclusions about the larger population without needing to survey every individual. In contrast, a census involves collecting data from every member of the population, while statistical inference and descriptive statistics relate to methods of analyzing and interpreting data.
statistics
The number of individuals in the population is the population's size. If a population is small enough you will be able to determine the size by counting the individuals.
demographics, census data
Inferential statistics. This branch of statistics involves making inferences or predictions about a population based on data collected from a sample taken from that population.
Descriptive statistics give information regarding a data set. For example, any graph, the mean, median, and mode, standard deviation, range, and variance are all descriptive statistics. Inferential statistics is using a representative sample from a population to say something about that population. For example, for presidential polls, not everyone in the country is called and asked who they plan to vote for. Whoever does the surveying picks a sample that should fairly represent the population as a whole, and just asks those people. Depending on the sample size, the surveyor can then determine how accurate the results are, and use them to generalize to the population as a whole.
No, the sample mean and sample proportion are not called population parameters; they are referred to as sample statistics. Population parameters are fixed values that describe a characteristic of the entire population, such as the population mean or population proportion. Sample statistics are estimates derived from a sample and are used to infer about the corresponding population parameters.
Emigration.
immigration
A small number of people used to represent an entire population is called a sample. Typically the sample reflects characteristics of the larger population from which it is drawn.
The use of a small number of people to represent a greater population is called sampling. The sample can be randomly chosen so that it is a reliable reflection of most of the population.