A "p" is used for probability of success. A "q" is used for probability of failure.
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The symbol for probability of success in a binomial trial is the letter p. It is the symbol used for probability in all statistical testing.
Inferential statistics are used in situations where it can be assumed that random behaviour(s), subject to the mathematical laws of probability, must be taken into account.
It is used when repeated trials are carried out , in which there are only two outcomes (success and failure) and the probability of success is a constant and is independent of the outcomes in other trials.
Probability is used to answer questions in the category of Statistics. Probability is a basic statistic that gives numeric value to the questions; Will a specific event occur? or How certain are you that it will occur. Probability of rolling a 3 on a 6-sided die is 1/6.
Since this is regarding statistics I assume you mean lower case sigma (σ) which, in statistics, is the symbol used for standard deviation, and σ2 is known as the variance.