Ground is sized based on the size of the feeder wire and not the amps of the service!
However, for a 600 amp service 1500MCM copper wire is one option (NEC 310.16) ;therefor, ground wire is 3/O copper (NEC 250.66)
or
another option is a two sets of 350 MCM copper wire then a #2 copper (since the biggest feeder wire is 350MCM).
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A 100 amp residential service requires a size #8 copper wire, it should be insulated in green.
Yes, there are ground wire gauges. The approiate size ground wire must be matched to the size service you are installing. For instance a 200 amp serivce must be grounded with a # 4 bare copper ground wire.
A 100 amp service requires that you use AWG 4 copper wire or AWG 2 aluminum wire.
#6 bare copper wire.
Use AWG #1 copper service entrance wire and #4 copper ground wire.