scale factor
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It can be any number that you like, but once chosen, it remains the same for each pair of corresponding sides.
The scale factor is the ratio of any side of the image and the corresponding side of the original figure.
The scale factor of a scale drawing is the ratio of any length in the drawing to the true corresponding length in the "real" object.
you can assume that the angles are congruent, but not the sides.
Not necessarily. You have described "similar" triangles. If you also know that any of the lengths of sides are of equal measure in addition to three angles (congruent), then the lengths of all of the sides are of equal measure. But with what you have given, consider, for example, two equilateral triangles, both have all angles equal to 60 degrees (satisfying the condition in your question). One of the triangles could have sides length 1 and the other with sides all of length 2.