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The water overflowed when Archimedes jumped in and he knew that there is a relationship between his weight and the volume of the water
You can use the formula for a cylinder in this case.
there are 2 ways that I know about: the first way is length x width x height. And the second way is the water displacement method by Archimedes.
The conclusion of the Archimedes principle is simply that the upward buoyant force that is experienced by a body immersed in a fluid, is equivalent to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces. This allows the volume of an object to be measured by measuring the volume of liquid it displaces after submerging. For any immersed object, the volume of the submerged portions equals the volume of fluid it displaces.
Legend says that Archimedes discovered the principle of displacement while stepping into a full bath. He realized that the water that ran over equaled in volume the submerged part of his body. Through further experiments, he deduced the above mentioned Archimedes' principle.