Yes, they can be.
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All integers are rational numbers, not all rational numbers are integers. Rational numbers can be expressed as fractions, p/q, where q is not equal to zero. For integers the denominator is 1. 5 is an integer, 2/3 is a fraction, both are rational.
RationalThe set of integers is a subset of the set of rational numbers. A rational number can be expressed as the ratio, or fraction of two integers a/b. So 1/2, 2/3, 5/6, 22/7, are all rational numbers. Also 3/1, -5/1, 20/5 are rational numbers, which are also integers.
All integers are rational numbers. There are integers with an i behind them that are imaginary numbers. They are not real numbers but they are rational. The square root of 2 is irrational. It is real but irrational.
An example that shows division of rational numbers is not associative is as follows: (1/2 ÷ 1/3) ÷ 1/4 = (3/2) ÷ 1/4 = 6. On the other hand, 1/2 ÷ (1/3 ÷ 1/4) = 1/2 ÷ 4/3 = 3/8. Since 6 and 3/8 are not equal, the division of rational numbers is not associative.
Yes. 2⅓ = (3×2+1)/3 = 7/3 which is of the form of one integer over another which is the form of rational numbers.