A right triangle is easy, simply multiply the two sides and divide by two. A non-right triangle is a bit more of a challenge. You have to make it a right triangle by adding a right triangle to it. Calculate and then subtract the area of what you had to add.
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0.5 x base length x vertical height
Turn the triangle into a square work out the area for that then half your answer ---- For an equilateral triangle, use the formula 1/2 x base x perpendicular height to work out the area.
Area of the triangle: 0.5*16*14 = 112 square inches
If the legs have length L, then 1/2*L*L = 32 so that L = 8 cm. And the hypotenuse is 8*sqrt(2) = 11.31 cm.
The altitude of an equilateral triangle bisects the base. So, if the sides of the triangle were l cm, the altitude forms a right angled triangle with sides h, l/2 and hypotenuse l cm. Then, by Pythagoras, h2 = 3l2 / 4 so that h = l*sqrt(3)/2 and then area = l*h/2 = l*[l*sqrt(3)/2]/2 =l2*sqrt(3)/4