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Take the derivative of the function.

By plugging a value into the derivative, you can find the instantaneous velocity.

By setting the derivative equal to zero and solving, you can find the maximums and/or minimums.

Example:

Find the instantaneous velocity at x = 3 and find the maximum height.

f(x) = -x2 + 4

f'(x) = -2x

f'(3) = -2*3 = -6

So the instantaneous velocity is -6.

0 = -2x

0 = x

So the maximum height occurs at x = 0

f(0) = -02 + 4 = 4

So the maximum height is 4.

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