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The dependent variable is the effect of an independent variable. For example, if a science experiment is done with plant growth under a certain amount of light, the height of the plant is the dependent variable because it depends on the amount of light.
An independent variable. This is because you can manipulate the variable so it is said to be independent of the other variables. This is different from the dependent variable which is the variable you are measuring the change in. For example in an experiment to see how the amount of water given to a plant affects it's height, the amount of water is the independent variable, because it is the variable you can change, while the height of the plant is the dependent variable because we want to see how the change in the amount of water affects it.
the independent of the tomato plant is the leaf and the dependent variable is the root
Not exactly sure what you mean by "can't change." However, I if I do understand you correctly, the dependent variable CAN change. The dependent variable will change according to the independent variable's value and overall effect. For example, in an experiment involving water's effect on plants, the dependent variable may be the height of the plant or the glucose produced. Based on the amount of the independent variable (represented on the x axis of a data graph), the dependent variable will increase or decrease. In this case, both dependent values (glucose and height) would probably increase.
Whether or not the plant is exposed to sunlight. Independent variables are manipulated by the experimentor, dependent variables react to the change in the independent variable.