4x + 3 = 11
6x - 9 = 3
17y +4 = 21
8y - 19 = -11
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There is no special name. Two totally unrelated equations could have the same solution(s).
If the two equations are linear transformations of one another they have the same solution.
One way would be to solve the two equations. If they have exactly the same solution set, they are equivalent. Otherwise they are not.
A system of equations is a set of two or more equations with the same variables, graphed in the same coordinate plane
So, take the case of two parallel lines, there is no solution at all. Now look at two equations that represent the same line, they have an infinite number of solutions. The solution is unique if and only if there is a single point of intersection. That point is the solution.