Any variable can be a correlation variable. In some cases there may be no apparent correlation but that, in itself, that means nothing. For example, the x and y coordinates in the equation of a circle (or any symmetric shape) are not correlated. On the other hand, there is a pretty good correlation between my age and the number of cars in the world.
A correlation variable is simply a variable that you study to see if changes in the variable that you are interested in is, in any way, related to changes in the correlation variable, and to get some idea of the degree to which they move in line.
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As the explanatory variable increases, the response variable increases
yes
Why Correlation?Because there is some relationship. One variable depends on another. Using correlation we can make inferences. Brahmajyothi
If measurements are taken for two (or more) variable for a sample , then the correlation between the variables are the sample correlation. If the sample is representative then the sample correlation will be a good estimate of the true population correlation.
cofficient of rank correlation