It is the set of all units which are being studied. If I am looking at the area of countries, then the population is the set of all countries; if I am studying the earthworms in my garden then the population might be each 20 cm* 20 cm square of my garden (I sample some squares and count the earthworms in them).
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It is the population which you are studying.
The latest statistics of the rhino population
A representative sample is one where the statistics of the sample are the same as the statistics for the parent population.
Information obtained from the sample can be extrapolated to the whole population using statistics.
population -group statistically sampled.