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Well, honey, to represent months of the year, you need at least 4 bits because you've got 12 months in a year, and you need 4 bits to represent numbers from 0 to 15. So, technically, you could do it with just 4 bits, but if you want to be fancy, you could use 5 bits for a more efficient representation.
A bitmap is a series of bits which represents a rasterized graphic image, each pixel being represented as a group of bits.
signed magnitude
200 = 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
One way is using the Twos (2s) complement; that is you find the binary representation of the positive number of -19, flip all the bits (0s to 1s and 1s to 0s), and finally add 1 to it.The positive bit of -19 is simply 19. It has a binary code of 0001 0011 (8 bits are required for this particular method). Flipping the bits, we get 1110 1100. Adding 1 (or 0000 0001) to our last answer, we get 1110 1101 which would be the binary representation of -19.