A number is squared by multiplying it by itself, for example 8 is the square of 64 (8 x 8 = 64). Square roots are found by figuring out which number, when squared, will give the number in question, for example the square root of 64 is 8 (64 / 8 = 8).
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perfect squares
They are called perfect squares.
169 and 196 are perfect squares. Their square roots are 13 and 14 respectively. The perfect squares from 1^2 to 16^2 are: 1,4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 144, 169, 196, 225, 256. It is useful to memorize the perfect squares, as it makes estimating square roots easier. In case you wanted to find the square root of 169,196, the answer is roughly 411.334414... The square roots of integers which are not perfect squares are irrational, so they can not be expressed exactly as a sequence of digits.
The square of number returns to its original value when square rooted as for example 3 squared is 9 and its square root is 3
They are squares of rational numbers. there is no particular name for them.