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In order to replace the summation sign with the sign for an integral, one must focus on the object one wants to integrate, and it's environment. To simplify, one can say the the object one wants to integrate has a domain D1 in 2 or 3 space. The remainder, the environment, is all that we do not wish to integrate, which we can label D2. So thusly we create a rule saying that we will sum only over D1. This eliminates the environment, and will isolate the object. From this point, we then break down the object into sub-rectangles (most commonly in mathematics) and assign each subrectangle it's own set of coordinates. Thusly we can take coordinates from the lower right, upper right, lower left, and upper left corners of each subrectangle. Choose a system of orientation, if we choose lower-left, we will underestimate the summation, and if we choose upper right, we will over-estimate the summation. From this point we can say that the summation of the object is equal to the summation of all it's parts. A transative derrivation (property). So, we can say that the summation of D1 is therefore equal to the summation of each subrectangle and it's coordinates: R1[x, y] +R2[x, y] + ... etc.. An integral is the sum of parts over a defined area. So we can conclude that the summation of D1 is therefore equal to the integral of the subrectangles R within the domains of x and y according to the orientation of lower right corner or otherwise established. That's it in a nutshell, I suppose... lukeriverplate

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Q: How do you replace the summation sign with integration sign?
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