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Each 4 bits of binary can make 1 hexadecimal digit. There are 16 hexadecimal characters including zero. This can be shown by the equation 2^4 = 16.
Convert each group of 4 bits into one hexadecimal digit. 1010 is "A" in hexadecimal, so this particular number is "AA".
Yes, a byte is 8 bits, and a one hexadecimal digit takes up four bits, so two hexadecimal digits can be stored in a byte. The largest hexadecimal digit is F (which is 15 in base ten.) In base two, this converts to 1111, which takes up four bits, which is why it only takes four bits to store a hexadecimal digit. With 8 bits, two hexadecimal digits can be stored (FF would be 11111111, which is 8 bits), and 8 bits make up a byte. Generally, 4 bits are always used to store a hexadecimal digit, using leading zeros where necessary. For example, the hexadecimal digit 5 would be stored as 0101, and the hexadecimal digits 5A would be stored as 01011010.
To convert binary to hexadecimal split the binary number into blocks of 4 bits from the right hand end; each block represents a hexadecimal digit: 111101110001 → 1111 0111 0001 = 0xF71
Hexadecimal means 16. So that 4 binary bits are represented by a hexadecimal number. 0000 = 0 1000 = 8 0001 = 1 1001 = 9 0010 = 2 1010 = A 0011 = 3 1011 = B 0100 = 4 1100 = C 0101 = 5 1101 = D 0110 = 6 1110 = E 0111 = 7 1111 = F