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The Normal (or Gaussian) distribution is a member of the exponential family of probability distributions. It is symmetrical function whose shape is determined by two parameters: the mean and variance (or standard deviation). The distribution s additive so that if two variables, X and Y are normally distributed then, even if their means and variances are different, their sum (and difference) are normally distributed with parameters that are simply related to the separate ones.

It is not an easy distribution to calculate and so it has been necessary to tabulate key values.


According to the law of large numbers, if you take repeated independent samples from any distribution, the means of those samples are distributed approximately normally. The greater the size of each sample, or the greater the number of samples, the more closely the results will match the normal distribution. This characteristic makes the Normal distribution central to statistical theory.

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Q: What are characteristics of a normal distribution?
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