Because, depending how you want to do the multiplication, you might get wrong results.
A mixed number - for example 5 1/3 (five and one-third) should be considered, in this example, as 5 + 1/3 - that is, the whole number 5, plus 1/3. You can treat this as a polynomial and multiply it as such. For example, 2 x 5 1/3 = 2 x (5 + 1/3) = 2 x 5 + 2 x 1/3 = 10 + 2/3 = 10 2/3. If you need to multiply two mixed numbers, you need to multiply each part of one by each part of the other - as is common when multiplying polynomials. Usually it is simpler to convert the fraction to a mixed fraction first. Both methods give you the same answer. In any case, if you think up some method that looks great, but it gives you a DIFFERENT result, then such a method is wrong.
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you have to turn them into improper fractions before you multiply them.
Multiply the denominator by the whole number, then multiply that by the numerator. Put that answer over the original denominator.
To find the sum of two mixed numbers, turn the mixed numbers into improper fractions (multiply the base with the denominator and add the numerator), then add the two fractions. To add the two fractions, find the LCD (lowest common denominator) and add the two numerators, but leave the denominators the same.
step 1 write each mixed number as an improper fraction step 2 look for common factor and simplify step 3 multiply write the product as a mixed number
If doing it without a calculator, then convert each mixed fraction into a top-heavy equivalent fraction and then multiply as for fractions.