The statement "If not q, then not p" is logically equivalent to "If p, then q."
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The statement "p implies q" can be expressed as "not p or q" using the logical operator "or" and the negation of "p".
In the statement "p implies q," the relationship between p and q is that if p is true, then q must also be true.
The statement "p if and only if q" is true when both p and q are true, or when both p and q are false.
If not p, then not q means that if something is not true or does not happen (p), then something else is also not true or does not happen (q).
Modus ponens is a valid form of deductive reasoning that asserts if a conditional statement is true (If P, then Q) and the condition (P) is also true, then the conclusion (Q) must be true. It follows the logical pattern of affirming the antecedent.