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A hypothesis is the first step in running a statistical test (t-test, chi-square test, etc.) A NULL HYPOTHESIS is the probability that what you are testing does NOT occur. An ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS is the probability that what you are testing DOES occur.
You need a null hypothesis first. You then calculate the probability of the observation under the conditions specified by the null hypothesis.
Variable-interval schedule (VI) is a reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement is provided for the first response that occurs after a variable amount of time from the last reinforcer or the start of the trial interval.
in the first column on the left
You can determine which variable that goes on the x axis on a line graph by checking the number that comes first in a set of pair or from table, e.g [2,4]. 2 will be on the x axis because it is the first number in the pair