To start with you select your hypothesis and its opposite: the null and alternative hypotheses. You select a confidence level (alpha %), which is the probability that your testing procedure rejects the null hypothesis when, if fact, it is true.
Next you select a test statistic and calculate its probability distribution under the two hypotheses. You then find the possible values of the test statistic which, if the null hypothesis were true, would only occur alpha % of the times. This is called the critical region.
Carry out the trial and collect data. Calculate the value of the test statistic. If it lies in the critical region then you reject the null hypothesis and go with the alternative hypothesis. If the test statistic does not lie in the critical region then you have no evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
I think you are asking: What is hypothesis testing in the field of statistics. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_hypothesis_testing
A hypothesis is the first step in running a statistical test (t-test, chi-square test, etc.) A NULL HYPOTHESIS is the probability that what you are testing does NOT occur. An ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS is the probability that what you are testing DOES occur.
A non-directional research hypothesis is a kind of hypothesis that is used in testing statistical significance. It states that there is no difference between variables.
Make objective decisions about the validity of the hypotheses.
The difference between the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are on the sense of the tests. In statistical inference, the null hypothesis should be in a positive sense such in a sense, you are testing a hypothesis you are probably sure of. In other words, the null hypothesis must be the hypothesis you are almost sure of. Just an important note, that when you are doing a tests, you are testing if a certain event probably occurs at certain level of significance. The alternative hypothesis is the opposite one.
A statistical estimate of the population parameter.
I think you are asking: What is hypothesis testing in the field of statistics. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_hypothesis_testing
A hypothesis is the first step in running a statistical test (t-test, chi-square test, etc.) A NULL HYPOTHESIS is the probability that what you are testing does NOT occur. An ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS is the probability that what you are testing DOES occur.
A non-directional research hypothesis is a kind of hypothesis that is used in testing statistical significance. It states that there is no difference between variables.
Herman J. Loether has written: 'Inferential statistics for sociologists' -- subject(s): Sampling (Statistics), Sociology, Statistical hypothesis testing, Statistical methods 'Descriptive and inferential statistics' -- subject(s): Sampling (Statistics), Sociology, Statistical hypothesis testing, Statistical methods 'Descriptive statistics for sociologists' -- subject(s): Sociology, Statistical methods
Lehmann has written: 'Nonparametrics : statistical methods based on ranks' -- subject(s): Nonparametric statistics, Statistical hypothesis testing
Make objective decisions about the validity of the hypotheses.
Ning-Zhong Shi has written: 'Statistical hypothesis testing'
A statistical hypothesis test will usually be performed by inductively comparing results of experiments or observations. The number or amount of comparisons will generally dictate the statistical test to use. The researcher is basically making a statement and assuming that it is either correct (the hypothesis - H1) or assuming that it is incorrect (the null hypothesis - H0) and testing that assumption within a predetermined significance level - the alpha.
Mary LaBrake has written: 'Tests for differences' -- subject(s): Statistical hypothesis testing
Kurt Stange has written: 'Bayes-Verfahren' -- subject(s): Bayesian statistical decision theory, Estimation theory, Statistical hypothesis testing
Bhaskar Kumar Ghosh has written: 'Sequential tests of statistical hypotheses' -- subject(s): Statistical hypothesis testing, Sequential analysis