The mean and standard deviation.
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z-scores are distributed according to the standard normal distribution. That is, with the parameters: mean 0 and variance 1.
Don't know what "this" is, but all symmetric distributions are not normal. There are many distributions, discrete and continuous that are not normal. The uniform or binomial distributions are examples of discrete symmetric distibutions that are not normal. The uniform and the beta distribution with equal parameters are examples of a continuous distribution that is not normal. The uniform distribution can be discrete or continuous.
Actually the normal distribution is the sub form of Gaussian distribution.Gaussian distribution have 2 parameters, mean and variance.When there is zero mean and unit variance the Gaussian distribution becomes normal other wise it is pronounced as Gaussian.Wrong! The standard normal distribution has mean 0 and variance 1, but a normal distribution is the same as the Gaussiand, and can have any mean and variance. Google stackexcange "what-is-the-difference-between-a-normal-and-a-gaussian-distribution"
The Normal distribution is frequntly encountered in real life. Often a matter of interest is how likely it is that the random variable (RV) being studied takes a value that it did or one that is more extreme. This requires a comparison of the observed value of the RV with its Normal distribution. Unfortunately, the general Normal distribution is extremely difficult to calculate. The Normal distribution is defined by two parameters: the mean and the variance (or standard deviation). It is impossible to tabulate the distribution of every possible combination of two parameters - both of which are continuous real numbers. However, using Z score reduces the problem to that of tabulating only one the Normal distribution: the N(0, 1) or standard Normal distribution. This allows the analysis of an RV with any Normal distribution.
A Gaussian distribution is the "official" term for the Normal distribution. This is a probability density function, of the exponential family, defined by the two parameters, its mean and variance. A population is said to be normally distributed if the values that a variable of interest can take have a normal or Gaussian distribution within that population.