Whenever data about a sample is encoded numerically, or on some scale, this is quantitative data gathering. In the simplest case, the researcher can measure heights or weights of subjects; in other cases she might ask them to indicate their degree of agreement with some proposal, or their religious association. In each of these cases the experimental or survey result could be recorded with single numbers.
Sometimes this term is used to distinguish it from work that involves asking subjects for their narratives or other input that cannot be easily encoded as described above.
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What are some distinct advantages of a qualitative data gathering strategy, such as participant observation, over more quantitative approaches
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quantitative data is the characteristics obtained from an experiment usually the best way to collect quantitative data is to observe your subject.
Qualitative approaches aim to address the 'how' and 'why' of a program and tend to use unstructured methods of data collection to fully explore the topic. Quantitative approaches address the 'what' of the program. They use a systematic standardised approach and employ methods such as surveys.
The length of a movie is quantitative data.