Qualitative approaches aim to address the 'how' and 'why' of a program and tend to use unstructured methods of data collection to fully explore the topic. Quantitative approaches address the 'what' of the program. They use a systematic standardised approach and employ methods such as surveys.
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What are some distinct advantages of a qualitative data gathering strategy, such as participant observation, over more quantitative approaches
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Some methods provide data which are quantitative and some methods data which are qualitative. Quantitative methods are those which focus on numbers and frequencies rather than on meaning and experience. Quantitative methods (e.g. experiments, questionnaires and psychometric tests) provide information which is easy to analyse statistically and fairly reliable. Quantitative methods are associated with the scientific and experimental approach and are criticised for not providing an in depth description. Qualitative methods are ways of collecting data which are concerned with describing meaning, rather than with drawing statistical inferences. What qualitative methods (e.g. case studies and interviews) lose on reliability they gain in terms of validity. They provide a more in depth and rich description.
quantitative data is the characteristics obtained from an experiment usually the best way to collect quantitative data is to observe your subject.
The length of a movie is quantitative data.