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Why is sample survey better than a census?
becuase it is more accurate.
Why would having a larger sample size be a better idea than having a samll sample size when doing an experiment?
less bias and error occur when sample size is larger
How does a sample size impact the standard deviation?
If I take 10 items (a small sample) from a population and calculate the standard deviation, then I take 100 items (larger sample), and calculate the standard deviation, how will my statistics change? The smaller sample could have a higher, lower or about equal the standard deviation of the larger sample. It's also possible that the smaller sample could be, by chance, closer to the standard deviation of the population. However, A properly taken larger sample will, in general, be a more reliable estimate of the standard deviation of the population than a smaller one. There are mathematical equations to show this, that in the long run, larger samples provide better estimates. This is generally but not always true. If your population is changing as you are collecting data, then a very large sample may not be representative as it takes time to collect.
When is a t test better than a z score?
When you don't have the population standard deviation, but do have the sample standard deviation. The Z score will be better to do as long as it is possible to do it.
Why might researchers study just a sample of a large population rather than the whole population?
Because the whole population might be too large to sample. A good example is the population of the world. At nearly 7 billion people, it would be unrealistic to sample each person to determine some factor that you are looking at. Generally, we sample a subset of the population, taking into account differences (or errors) that might result, in this case, regional and cultural, in order to estimate the behavior of the larger population.
