Negatives cause no problem: log10x = -3 means x = 10-3 = 0.001 It doesn't make sense, though, to FIND the logarithm of a negative number: log10(-8) = ???? (unless you know about complex numbers . . . )
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For any logarithm
10^(-x) can be re-written as '1/10^(x)'.
NB Note the negatrive has gone.
So of x = 2
Them
1/10^(2) =
1/100 =
0.01
Or 10^(-2) = 0.01
You need to be able to solve logarithms and be very good at algebra. In college, you have to be able to do college level algebra before you can take trig.
-3 + ln x = 5 Add '3' to boths sides Hence ln x = 8 'ln' is logarithms to the natural base , which is 2.718281.... = 'e' Hence log(e) x = 8 x = e^(8) x = 2.71828...^8) = 2980.95798... NB One the calculator you will find two buttons, viz. 'log' & 'ln'. Log is logarithsm to base '10' Ln is logarithms to base 'e' = 2.71828.... ( The exponential .
Positive x negative = negative (Negative x positive = negative) Positive x positive = positive Negative x negative = positive So if the signs are the same the answer is positive and if they are different it is negative.
negative
To determine what negative sine squared plus cosine squared is equal to, start with the primary trigonometric identity, which is based on the pythagorean theorem...sin2(theta) + cos2(theta) = 1... and then solve for the question...cos2(theta) = 1 - sin2(theta)2 cos2(theta) = 1 - sin2(theta) + cos2(theta)2 cos2(theta) - 1 = - sin2(theta) + cos2(theta)