Unless otherwise specified, they are simply called 'units'.
Chat with our AI personalities
To shift a funcion (or its graph) down "a" units, you subtract "a" from the function. For example, x squared gives you a certain graph; "x squared minus a" will give you the same graph, but shifted down "a" units. Similarly, you can shift a graph upwards "a" units, by adding "a" to the function.
f(x) cannnot be a graph of itself translated down by anything other than 0 units.
You move the graph upwards by 2 units.
I'm guessing that your equation is y = ax² + c (as there are limitations as to what punctuation, including mathematical symbols, can be put in a question). Increasing c by 4 units shifts the graph 4 units up the y-axis. If you equation was y = ax² - c, then increasing c by 4 units shifts the graph 4 units down the y-axis.
Go what equals 5 units to the left