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The area of a sphere is A=4*3.14 * r^2. Thus the area varies as the square of the radius. If the surface area is increased by a factor of 4, then the radius will have to increase by the square root of 4 which is 2.
The surface area is reduced by a factor 4, the volume by a factor 8.
The area changes by the square of the same factor.
The surface area is quadrupled.
For areas: Square the Scale Factor.