To find the surface area of a cylindrical ring or torus, you can use the formula A = 2πrh, where r is the average radius of the ring and h is the height or thickness of the ring. In this case, the average radius is (16mm + 10mm)/2 = 13mm and h can be any desired value. Therefore, the surface area of the cylindrical ring or torus is 2π(13mm)(h).
inside
The diameter of a pipe is its width across an open end of the pipe. The inside diameter is the width measuring on the inside of the pipe; the outside diameter is the width measuring on the outside.______________________________________________________________________________________________________For a pipe of circular cross section, its nominal diameter is the diameter of the cross section.The inner diameter is the measuring on the inside of the pipeThe outside diameter is the measuring on the outside of the pipe.
The circumference of that cylinder would be 31.4156 meters, and with a height of 4 meters, the outside surface of the sides would be 125.66 square meters. Does a cylinder have both an inside and outside surface? There is no thickness at all to the sides. Maybe it needs to be doubled, to be 251.32 square meters so we get both inside and outside surface, but I think not. A cylindrical *prism* would have a top and bottom, each having a surface of 78.54 square meters, for a total of 282.74 square meters.
When dealing with pipe the volume is more important, therefore, I would use the inside diameter.
S=pi x dxD S=3.14 x 3 x 40,82 S=384,5244 or rounded 385 mm
surface area = (pai) x (DO 2 - DI 2)/4 = 3.14 (16 x 16 - 10 x 10)/4 = 3.14 x 156 mm = 489.84 square mm
If your ring has an outer radius of 8 mm and an inner one of 5 mm, you will have pi times (routside)2 minus pi times (rinside)2 or about 122.522 square millimeters of area on the top of the ring. Double that if you add in the surface area of the bottom. As to the sides (the inside and outside), we cannot calculate them without a thickness.
To find the surface area of a cylindrical ring or torus, you can use the formula A = 2πrh, where r is the average radius of the ring and h is the height or thickness of the ring. In this case, the average radius is (16mm + 10mm)/2 = 13mm and h can be any desired value. Therefore, the surface area of the cylindrical ring or torus is 2π(13mm)(h).
inside
The diameter of a pipe is its width across an open end of the pipe. The inside diameter is the width measuring on the inside of the pipe; the outside diameter is the width measuring on the outside.______________________________________________________________________________________________________For a pipe of circular cross section, its nominal diameter is the diameter of the cross section.The inner diameter is the measuring on the inside of the pipeThe outside diameter is the measuring on the outside of the pipe.
take the outside diameter and subtract the thickness twice.
take the outside diameter and subtract the thickness twice.
take the outside diameter and subtract the thickness twice.
The circumference of that cylinder would be 31.4156 meters, and with a height of 4 meters, the outside surface of the sides would be 125.66 square meters. Does a cylinder have both an inside and outside surface? There is no thickness at all to the sides. Maybe it needs to be doubled, to be 251.32 square meters so we get both inside and outside surface, but I think not. A cylindrical *prism* would have a top and bottom, each having a surface of 78.54 square meters, for a total of 282.74 square meters.
When dealing with pipe the volume is more important, therefore, I would use the inside diameter.
Less than an inch.