method used to measure accuracy
No, not all distributions are symmetrical, and not all distributions have a single peak.
No. There are many other distributions, including discrete ones, that are symmetrical.
I think yes or no
About half the time.
Only one. A normal, or Gaussian distribution is completely defined by its mean and variance. The standard normal has mean = 0 and variance = 1. There is no other parameter, so no other source of variability.
There is no such thing. The Normal (or Gaussian) and Binomial are two distributions.
No. Normal distribution is a special case of distribution.
Yes. Normal (or Gaussian) distribution are parametric distributions and they are defined by two parameters: the mean and the variance (square of standard deviation). Each pair of these parameters gives rise to a different normal distribution. However, they can all be "re-parametrised" to the standard normal distribution using z-transformations. The standard normal distribution has mean 0 and variance 1.
Don't know what "this" is, but all symmetric distributions are not normal. There are many distributions, discrete and continuous that are not normal. The uniform or binomial distributions are examples of discrete symmetric distibutions that are not normal. The uniform and the beta distribution with equal parameters are examples of a continuous distribution that is not normal. The uniform distribution can be discrete or continuous.
A family that is defined by two parameters: the mean and variance (or standard deviation).
The Normal distribution is a probability distribution of the exponential family. It is a symmetric distribution which is defined by just two parameters: its mean and variance (or standard deviation. It is one of the most commonly occurring distributions for continuous variables. Also, under suitable conditions, other distributions can be approximated by the Normal. Unfortunately, these approximations are often used even if the required conditions are not met!
A distribution that is NOT normal. Most of the time, it refers to skewed distributions.