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Why do whole numbers need an extension?
The first need arose when it was found that the set of whole numbers was not closed under division. That is, given whole numbers A and B (B non-zero), that, in general, A/B was not a whole number - but a fraction.
Are the set of rational numbers closed under division?
No, it is not. Division by zero (a rational) is not defined.
What is the set of whole numbers closed by?
If you mean the set of non-negative integers ("whole numbers" is a bit ambiguous in this sense), it is closed under addition and multiplication. If you mean "integers", the set is closed under addition, subtraction, multiplication.
Is Division closed in Real?
No, since you can't divide by zero. On the other hand, the set of real numbers without zero is closed under division.
Why is division not closed for rational numbers give an example?
If a set is closed under an operation. then the answer will be a part of that set. If you add, subtract or multiply any two rational numbers you get another national number. But when it comes to division, it is closed except for one number and that is ZERO. eg 3.56 (rational number) ÷ 0 = no answer. Since no answer is not a rational number, that rational numbers are not closed under the operation of division.
