basically the reciprocal of the original lines gradient is going to be the gradient for the perpendicular line (remember the signs should switch). For example if i had a line with the gradient of 3, then the gradient of the perpendicular line will be -1over3. But if the line had the gradient of -3, then the line perpendicular to that line will have the gradient 1over3.
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Perpendicular line = - 1/gradient= - 1/2/3= - 3/2
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If a line has equation y = mx + c, the perpendicular line has gradient -1/m A line perpendicular to 3x + y = 2 has equation 3y = x + c; the value for c will be determined by a point through which the line must pass.
The negative reciprocal of any gradient gives the gradient of the line perpendicular to it. If you had a line of gradient 2, the negative reciprocal would be -1/2 Just change the sign on the number and flip the number/fraction to get the negative reciprocal.
With a line in the form y = mx + c, it has gradient m and the line perpendicular to it has gradient m' such that mm' = -1, ie m' = -1/m. A line through a point (x0, y0) with gradient m' has an equation of: y - y0 = m' (x - x0) which can be rearranged to a form for y = mx + c. Thus for the line 2x - 3y = 7: 2x - 3y = 7 → 3y = 2x + 7 → y = 2/3 x + 7/3 → it has gradient 2/3 → perpendicular line has gradient -3/2 → perpendicular line through (4, 9) perpendicular to 2x - 3y = 7 has equation: y - 9 = (-3/2)(x - 4) → 2y - 18 = -3(x - 4) → 2y - 18 = -3x + 12 → 2y = 30 - 3x → 3x + 2y = 30