Oh, dude, when you're talking about the upper and lower bounds of 9 to the nearest integer, you're basically asking for the numbers closest to 9, right? So, the upper bound would be 10 because it's the next whole number above 9, and the lower bound would be 9 because, well, it's 9. Like, it's not rocket science, man.
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The upper bound of 9 to the nearest integer is 9, as 9 itself is already an integer. The lower bound of 9 to the nearest integer is also 9, as there is no smaller integer that 9 can be rounded down to. Therefore, both the upper and lower bounds of 9 to the nearest integer are 9.
From everything I can see in the question, it appears that 80,000 is a whole, real, rational, natural integer, and a constant. The magnitude of its range and its domain are both zero, and its upper and lower bounds are both the same number, namely 80,000 .
The upper bound for 1000 is infinity (∞), as there is no limit to how large a number can be. The lower bound for 1000 is 0, as it is the smallest non-negative integer. In mathematical terms, the upper bound is said to be unbounded, while the lower bound is finite.
identifying any upper or lower bounds on the decision variables
under 5 billion = 0 more than 5 billion = 10 billion this is higher and lower bounds. Sorry if I misinterpreted
They are 35000- and 25000+ respectively, where the superscript indicate a number that is slightly smaller or larger than the integer shown.Although many schools teach that 5 should always be rounded up, that is poor practice since it leads to a bias. The IEEE standard 754 is to round 5 to even. See the link, //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding#Round_half_to_even for more