If you take the square of the long side and add it to the square of the short side, you get the diagonal (hypotenuse) squared. Then just find square root of that. For example, if short side is 3cm and long side is 4cm:
9 + 16 = 25, so the diagonal would be the square root of 25 ie. 5.
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You don't - you need additional information. Many different rectangles can have the same diagonal. If you know the diagonal and one side (which must be LESS than the diagonal), you can use Pythagoras' Theorem to calculate the other side.
A 9 x 12 rectangle has a diagonal of 15.
yes if you want it to be a rectangle
The diagonal is 14.21 cm
The diagonal is 26cm