ln |x|+C is the answer
Chat with our AI personalities
xln(x)-x
It's either floor(x)+1 or ceil(x) depending on what you want to get for integral x numbers:x or x+1
The limit as x approaches zero of sin(x) over x can be determined using the squeeze theorem.For 0 < x < pi/2, sin(x) < x < tan(x)Divide by sin(x), and you get 1 < x/sin(x) < tan(x)/sin(x)That is the same as 1 < x/sin(x) < 1/cos(x)But the limit as x approaches zero of 1/cos(x) is 1,so 1 < x/sin(x) < 1which means that the limit as x approaches zero of x over sin(x) is 1, and that also means the inverse; the limit as x approaches zero of sin(x) over x is 1.You can also solve this using deriviatives...The deriviative d/dxx is 1, at all points. The deriviative d/dxsin(x) at x=0 is also 1.This means you have the division of two functions, sin(x) and x, at a point where their slope is the same, so the limit reduces to 1 over 1, which is 1.
It depends on the maximum value of c. In signed values, the maximum value we can store in an integral is 2 to the power of the number of bits in the integral, minus 1. Thus a 32-bit signed integral can accommodate all positive values in the range 2^31, which is 2,147,483,648.
The equation for the average over time T is integral 0 to T of I.dt